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What does exfoliation primarily refer to?

  1. Application of moisturizers

  2. Removal of dead skin cells

  3. Deep cleansing of pores

  4. Evening out skin tone

The correct answer is: Removal of dead skin cells

Exfoliation primarily refers to the removal of dead skin cells from the surface of the skin. This process plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health by promoting cell turnover, enhancing skin texture, and preventing clogged pores. By sloughing off the outer layer of dead skin, exfoliation allows for better absorption of skincare products and can lead to a brighter, smoother complexion. While the other options involve beneficial skincare practices, they do not specifically capture the essence of exfoliation. Application of moisturizers is important for hydration but does not relate to the removal of skin cells. Deep cleansing of pores focuses on clearing impurities and excess oil but is more about cleansing rather than the physical removal of dead skin. Evening out skin tone may be a result of exfoliating, but it does not define the process itself. Thus, the essence of exfoliation is firmly centered on the removal of dead skin cells, making this the correct answer.